What are the functions and technologies of solid waste treatment?

The main treatment methods currently used for solid waste treatment include compaction, crushing, sorting, solidification, incineration, biological treatment, etc.

Solid waste treatment technology one: compaction technology

Compaction is a pre-treatment technology that reduces waste volume, reduces transportation costs, and prolongs landfill life. Compaction is a commonly used pre-treatment method for solid waste, such as cars, cans, plastic bottles, etc. It is suitable for compacting solid waste that reduces volume and is not suitable for compaction treatment. Some waste that may cause operational problems, such as tar, sludge, or liquid materials, are generally not suitable for compaction treatment.

Solid waste treatment technology II: crushing technology

In order to reduce the appearance of waste entering incinerators, landfills, composting systems, and other areas, it is necessary to crush solid waste in advance. Waste that has undergone crushing treatment, due to the elimination of large voids, not only has uniform size and texture, but also requires additional compaction during the landfill process. There are many methods for crushing solid waste, mainly including impact crushing, shear crushing, extrusion crushing, friction crushing, etc. In addition, there are proprietary low-temperature crushing and mixed crushing. The most widely used and effective solid waste crusher is the shear crusher, which is more effective for landfill and composting waste.

Solid waste treatment technology three: sorting technology

Solid waste sorting is an important means to achieve the resource utilization and reduction of solid waste. By sorting, useful materials are fully selected and utilized, while harmful ones are fully separated; Another approach is to separate waste of different particle sizes, and the basic principle of sorting is to utilize certain differences in material properties to separate them. For example, using the magnetic and non-magnetic differences in waste for separation; Using differences in particle size for separation; Utilize differences in specific gravity for separation, etc. According to different properties, various machinery can be designed and manufactured to sort solid waste, including manual sorting, screening, gravity sorting, magnetic sorting, eddy current sorting, optical sorting, etc.

Solid Waste Treatment Technology IV: Solidification Treatment Technology

Solidification technology is a harmless treatment process that involves adding a solidification substrate to waste to fix or contain hazardous solid waste in an inert solidification substrate. The treated solidification product should have good impermeability, good mechanical properties, leaching resistance, dry and wet resistance, and freeze-thaw resistance. Solidification treatment can be divided into sedimentation solidification, asphalt solidification, glass solidification, and resin solidification according to the different solidification substrates.

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